Relevance: GS-1 (Culture), GS-2 (International Relations) | Source: UNESCO, Ministry of External Affairs

News

India raised concern after border firing between Thailand and Cambodia caused minor damage to the Preah Vihear temple complex, a globally protected heritage site.

About the Temple Complex

  • An 11th-century Hindu temple of Lord Shiva, built by the Khmer Empire.
  • Declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site (2008).
  • Situated on the Thailand–Cambodia border, atop the Dangrek mountains.
  • Archaeological Survey of India has assisted in conservation since 1986.

The Border Clash

  • Both nations dispute the land surrounding the temple despite the International Court of Justice (2013) ruling in Cambodia’s favour.
  • Recent exchange of fire impacted structures near the site.

Implications

  • Threat to cultural heritage preservation.
  • Potential diplomatic tension in Southeast Asia.
UPSC Prelims Value Box

Key Facts for Prelims:

  • Preah Vihear Temple: 11th-century Hindu temple; UNESCO World Heritage Site (2008).
  • ICJ 2013 Verdict: Temple belongs to Cambodia, surrounding areas disputed.
  • ASI Role: Part of long-term conservation efforts in Cambodia.

Institution to Remember:

  • UNESCO World Heritage Centre – designates and monitors global heritage sites.

Q. Consider the following statements about the Preah Vihear Temple:

  1. It is a World Heritage Site inscribed by UNESCO under the category of cultural heritage.
  2. The International Court of Justice ruled that both Thailand and Cambodia share joint administrative control over the temple.
  3. India has been involved in conservation efforts at the site.

How many of the statements are correct?
A. One only
B. Two only
C. All three
D. None

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