Two indigenous poultry breeds from Assam — the Nagi duck and the Rajdigheli goose — have been officially included in the national livestock register by the National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources (NBAGR).

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• Assam already has several cattle, pig and poultry breeds documented at NBAGR.
• This inclusion further reinforces the State’s role as a repository of indigenous animal genetic wealth.

What is NBAGR and why is this important?

• The National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources functions under the Indian Council of Agricultural Research.
• It is responsible for documentation, registration and conservation of indigenous livestock and poultry breeds in India.
• Once a breed is registered, it gains Sovereign Rights recognition under the Biological Diversity Act, 2002. 
  • This prevents bio-piracy and ensures that local communities benefit from their genetic heritage.
• Moreover, registration gives a breed official national identity, helping in conservation, research, policy support and future breeding programmes.

About the recognised breeds

Nagi Duck (Assam)

• Found mainly in the Barak Valley, especially Cachar and Sribhumi districts.
• Traditionally reared by rural households.
• Known for its adaptability and productivity, with the ability to lay around 150 eggs per year.
• The recognition is the result of nearly 25 years of scientific research initiated under an ICAR-supported project.

Rajdigheli Goose (Assam)

• An indigenous goose breed with distinct physical and genetic traits.
• Recognition highlights Assam’s lesser-known but valuable poultry diversity.
• The breed has cultural as well as livelihood significance in rural areas.

Why this recognition matters

• Biodiversity conservation: Protects indigenous genetic resources from extinction.
• Farmer livelihoods: Indigenous breeds are often more climate-resilient and cost-effective for small farmers.
• Food security: Strengthens local poultry systems suited to Assam’s agro-climatic conditions.
• Policy relevance: Supports programmes on animal genetic conservation, indigenous breed promotion, and sustainable agriculture.

Exam Hook – Prelims

Q. With reference to the National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, consider the following statements:

1. It functions under the Indian Council of Agricultural Research.
2. It registers and recognises indigenous livestock and poultry breeds.
3. Registration helps in conservation and genetic improvement programmes.

Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Correct answer: (d)

One-line wrap

The inclusion of the Nagi duck and Rajdigheli goose in the national register highlights Assam’s rich indigenous poultry diversity and its importance for sustainable rural livelihoods.

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