The Loktak Ramsar 2026 Waterbird Census has recorded a sharp decline in waterbird numbers in Loktak Lake, Manipur. The population fell from 23,390 in 2025 to 16,365 in 2026, even though the number of recorded species increased from 53 to 56.

Key Findings

• The waterbird population peaked at 50,725 in 2015, before declining to 14,235 in 2024. It recovered temporarily to 23,390 in 2025 but fell again in 2026.
• The 56 species belong to 14 families, with Anatidae—ducks, geese and swans—being the most represented family, followed by Ardeidae, which includes herons, egrets and bitterns.
• The census recorded 24 resident, 29 migratory and three local migratory species.
• The Lesser Whistling Duck recorded the highest population at 5,373, followed by the Common Coot and Common Moorhen.

Why is Loktak Losing Waterbirds?

• The decline is linked to multiple anthropogenic and ecological pressures, including encroachment, pollution, siltation, habitat alteration, light pollution, overfishing and poaching.
• Loktak is also an important wetland for local communities and fisherfolk.

Therefore, conservation must balance biodiversity protection with livelihood security.

Way Forward

The census recommends continuous monitoring of bird populations and habitats, restoration of degraded areas and identification of important bird congregation zones. Some such areas could be declared conservation or community reserves in partnership with local communities.

One-line wrap: Loktak’s declining waterbird population shows why Ramsar recognition must be supported by continuous ecological monitoring, habitat restoration and community-based wetland management.