Relevance: GS III (Science & Tech; Environment) | Source: The Hindu 

1. What is the News?

• Scientists have discovered a new chemical reaction called Trisulphide Metathesis.
• It sounds complex, but it is simply a new way to break and re-join chemical bonds (specifically sulphur bonds) very easily.

2. Why is this a Big Deal?

• No Heat Needed: Usually, breaking these bonds requires very high temperatures or toxic chemicals. This new reaction happens at room temperature.
• Fast: The reaction takes only a few seconds to complete.

3. How can we use it?

This discovery has two major “superpowers”:

• 100% Recyclable Plastics: Scientists used this to create a new type of plastic. Because the bonds can be “un-done” as easily as they were made, this plastic can be broken back down into its original raw materials. This is the ultimate solution for a Circular Economy (where nothing goes to waste).
• Better Medicines: It allows doctors to modify very delicate anti-cancer drugs without damaging them. This could lead to more effective treatments with fewer side effects.

4. Connection to “Green Chemistry”

• This is a perfect example of Green Chemistry—which means making chemicals in a way that doesn’t hurt the environment, uses less energy, and creates zero waste.

The “UPSC Trap”

• The “Energy” Trap: UPSC might say that this type of chemical recycling is “very expensive and energy-intensive.” Incorrect. This specific breakthrough is famous because it works at room temperature without extra energy.
• The “Biodegradable” Trap: Do not confuse this with “biodegradable” plastic (which rots). This is “Chemically Recyclable” plastic (which can be turned back into new plastic forever).

UPSC Value Box

With reference to ‘Trisulphide Metathesis’ and ‘Green Chemistry’, consider the following statements:

1. Trisulphide Metathesis allows for the breaking and reforming of chemical bonds at room temperature without high energy.
2. This process can be used to create plastics that are 100% chemically recyclable.
3. Green Chemistry refers to the process of using high-heat combustion to dispose of single-use plastics safely.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: (a)