Relevance: GS-2 (Polity – Constitutional Offices, Federal Relations) Source: The Hindu; Constituent Assembly Debates (CAD); Supreme Court Judgments (2023–25) The Debate on Governor’s Powers Resurfaces A recent Supreme Court observation on delays by Governors in granting assent to Bills has reignited debate on the scope, limits, and spirit of…

Relevance: GS-3 (Science & Tech); Source: The Hindu, NIOT brief India’s Samudrayaan mission—the nation’s first attempt to send humans 6,000 m below sea level—faces delays due to late delivery of syntactic foam, a specialised buoyancy material sourced from France. This foam is essential for testing the steel submersible to…

Relevance: IR (GS-2); Source: Indian Express, UN documents UN Begins Process to Select the Next Secretary-General The process to select the next United Nations Secretary-General (UNSG) for a five-year term beginning in 2027 has formally begun. The Security Council and the General Assembly have jointly invited nominations from UN…

Relevance: Art & Culture / UNESCO (GS-1) • Source: Indian Express, ASI Chhattisgarh Seeks UNESCO Status for Sirpur Archaeological Site Chhattisgarh is upgrading the Sirpur archaeological site—a 5th–12th century religious and urban settlement—to seek UNESCO World Heritage Site status. The revamp includes digital exhibits, guided pathways, and improved heritage…

Relevance: Polity + Transport Safety (GS-2/GS-3) • Source: MoRTH, Indian Express The News The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways has released a revised draft of Bharat NCAP 2.0 to strengthen car safety ratings in India. The draft expands safety tests, updates scoring, and adds new assessment areas for…

Relevance: GS-3 (Environment, Pollution, Public Health) • Source: CPCB, Indian Express The Central Pollution Control Board’s (CPCB) latest assessment shows severe heavy-metal and chemical contamination in Delhi’s groundwater, with uranium levels among the highest in India, alongside lead, nitrate, fluoride, and salinity-related issues. Over one-third of tested samples exceeded…

Relevance: GS-2 (Welfare Schemes, Nutrition) • Source: Indian Express, Ministry of Education The government is reviewing the performance and expansion needs of PM Poshan, a key scheme addressing child nutrition, school attendance, and learning outcomes. What is PM Poshan? PM Poshan (earlier Mid-Day Meal Scheme) is a Centrally Sponsored…

Relevance: GS-1 (Ancient History – IVC) • Source: Indian Express, IIT Gandhinagar New Research Recent climate studies by IIT Gandhinagar suggest that prolonged droughts and weakening monsoon cycles around 2000–1900 BCE may have significantly contributed to the decline of the Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC). Analysis of lake sediments, isotopes,…

Relevance: GS-3 (Economy – Industries, Innovation Policy) • Source: PIB, Ministry of Textiles The Government has approved the Tex-RAMPS (Textiles Focused Research, Assessment, Monitoring, Planning and Start-up) Scheme, with an outlay of ₹305 crore (2025-26 to 2030-31), aimed at strengthening research, innovation, and competitiveness in India’s textile sector. What…

Relevance: GS-1 (Ancient History – Numismatics) • Source: The Print, ASI inputs The Finding Archaeologists excavating Gujari Mahal, Bharatpur (Rajasthan) have discovered punch-marked silver coins dated to the 7th century BCE, making them among the oldest physical currency forms in the Indian subcontinent. The coins carry symbols such as…

Relevance: GS-1 (Indian Art & Culture) • Source: PIB At the India International Trade Fair (IITF) 2025, the Ministry of Tribal Affairs showcased India’s rich tribal arts, crafts, textiles, and forest products through the TRIFED Pavilion, aimed at boosting visibility and market access for tribal artisans. The India International…

Relevance: GS-3 (Environment & Climate Change) • Source: UNEP, Indian Express The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) released the Global Methane Status Report 2025, warning that global methane emissions continue to rise despite pledges under the Global Methane Pledge. What the Report Says (Major Findings) Methane emissions at record…

Relevance: GS-3 (Economy – Strategic Minerals, Manufacturing) • Source: The Hindu, PIB The Union Cabinet has approved a ₹7,280-crore scheme to establish rare earth permanent magnet (REPM) manufacturing in India. The aim is to reduce dependence on imports—mainly from China—and build domestic capacity for critical technologies. 1. What the…

Relevance: GS-2 (Governance – Animal Welfare) • Source: The Hindu, PETA India The Assam Assembly has passed amendments to permit festive buffalo fights (Moh-Juj) under regulated conditions. People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) has criticised the move, calling it a violation of animal-welfare norms and Supreme Court…

Relevance: GS-3 (Environment & Pollution) • Source: Nature Ecology and Evolution; Indian Defence Review; NOAA A recent study published in Nature Ecology and Evolution claims that the Great Pacific Garbage Patch (GPGP) is now hosting a new ecosystem where coastal species (barnacles, anemones, crabs) are surviving and reproducing on…

Relevance: GS-3 (Environment – Atmospheric Chemistry) • Source: The Hindu, NASA, NOAA NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration announced that the 2025 Antarctic ozone hole was the fifth smallest since 1992, indicating continued global progress after the Montreal Protocol. The average size peaked at levels significantly smaller…

Relevance: GS-2 (Governance, Digital Policy) • Source: PIB, MeitY 1. The News India hosted the Internet Governance Forum 2025 in New Delhi, bringing together government, industry, civil society and academia to discuss the future of a trusted, resilient and inclusive digital ecosystem. The theme for 2025 focused on “Responsible…

Relevance: GS-3 (Infrastructure, Aviation Sector, Make in India) • Source: Business Standard, PIB The Prime Minister inaugurated Safran Aircraft Engine Services India, a major Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO) facility in Hyderabad. The French aerospace firm Safran has invested over ₹1,200 crore, making it one of the largest foreign…