Relevance for UPSC: GS Paper II (International Relations, Security) | GS Paper III (Internal Security)
Source: Indian Express; Nigerian Government statements; United States Department of Defense briefings

Context

The United States conducted an airstrike against Islamic State fighters in north-western Nigeria (Sokoto State) at the formal request of the Nigerian government. Nigerian authorities described it as a joint counter-terrorism operation, based primarily on locally generated intelligence.

Why It Matters

  • Nigeria faces multiple security threats, including jihadist groups linked to the Islamic State network.
  • The strike reflects a host-state consent model, consistent with international law and state sovereignty.
  • Illustrates the United States’ approach of supporting local forces through intelligence and precision strikes, rather than unilateral intervention.
UPSC Value Box

  • Concept: Host-state consent — use of force by a foreign State with the explicit approval of the territorial State.
  • Terror Group: Islamic State and its West African affiliate operate in Nigeria.
  • Institution: United States Department of Defense (external counter-terror operations).

Q. With reference to counter-terrorism operations, “host-state consent” refers to:
(a) Collective self-defence
(b) United Nations Security Council authorisation
(c) Use of force with approval of the affected State
(d) Humanitarian intervention

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