Relevance for UPSC: GS-III (Science & Technology – Space)
Source: Recent astrophysics research; international observational studies

What is a Superkilonova?

A superkilonova is a rare astronomical event that combines a supernova (explosion of a massive star) with a kilonova (merger of two neutron stars). It is called a “double-whammy” explosion because energy is released in two stages.

How It Occurs 

• A massive star explodes as a supernova, forming two neutron stars.
• These neutron stars spiral inward due to gravitational wave emission.
• Their merger triggers a kilonova, ejecting heavy elements.
• Some ejected matter falls back, making the event brighter and longer-lasting than a normal kilonova.

Why It Matters

• Explains the origin of heavy elements like gold and platinum .
• Important for multi-messenger astronomy (light + gravitational waves).
• Challenges existing models of stellar evolution.

Q. With reference to a Superkilonova, consider the following statements:

1. It involves both a supernova explosion and a neutron star merger.
   
2. It is associated with the production of heavy elements like gold and platinum.
   
3. It is detected only through gravitational waves and does not emit light.
   

Which of the statements given above are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3