Relevance for UPSC: GS III (Environment, Biodiversity); Source: News on Air, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change

Context

The Government of India has notified the Parvati–Arga Bird Sanctuary as an Eco-Sensitive Zone (ESZ) to regulate activities around this ecologically fragile wetland and strengthen conservation efforts.

Ecological Significance

  • Located in Gonda district, Uttar Pradesh.
  • A Ramsar site, comprising freshwater oxbow lakes.
  • Supports resident and migratory birds from Central Asia and Tibet.
  • Provides key ecosystem services such as flood moderation, groundwater recharge, and biodiversity support.

What is an Eco-Sensitive Zone?

  • ESZs are buffer areas around protected regions, notified by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.
  • They regulate construction, mining, and polluting activities while permitting sustainable livelihoods and eco-tourism.
UPSC Value Box

For Prelims

  • Parvati–Arga is a Ramsar-designated wetland.
  • ESZs aim to reduce anthropogenic pressure around protected areas.

Key Concept / Definition

  • Eco-Sensitive Zone: A regulated buffer area created to protect fragile ecosystems surrounding protected areas.

Associated Framework

  • Ramsar Convention: is an international treaty from 1971 focused on the conservation and sustainable use of wetlands. Its mission is to ensure wetlands are used wisely contributing to sustainable development by protecting biodiversity, water resources, and livelihoods

Q. With reference to Eco-Sensitive Zones in India, consider the following statements:

  1. They are notified by the Union Ministry of Environment.
  2. They aim to completely ban human activities around protected areas.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. Both 1 and 2
D. Neither 1 nor 2

Correct Answer: A

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