Public protests demand cancellation of 55 megawatt Kulsi Hydroelectric Project in Assam.

About the project

• Proposed 55 megawatt hydroelectric project on Kulsi River in Kamrup district, Assam.
• The project is aimed at boosting renewable energy generation as well as  addressing the issue of urban floods in Guwahati.
• Falls under broader push for clean energy expansion in India.

About Kulsi River 

• The Kulsi River is a south bank tributary of the Brahmaputra River.
• It originates in the West Khasi Hills of Meghalaya, where it is known as the Khir River.
• After flowing around 12 kilometres in Meghalaya, it enters Assam’s Kamrup district and is called Kulsi.
• It is about 60 km long and has an average width of 70 to 80 meters.
• It is one of natural habitat and nesting site for the Gangetic river dolphin
• The river meets the Brahmaputra at Nagarbera.
• Kulsi is ecologically sensitive and supports:
  • Fisheries
  • Agriculture
  • River-dependent livelihoods

Concerns Raised

• Environmental Impact:
  • Kulsi River is habitat of Gangetic River Dolphin (endangered species)
  • Risk to river biodiversity and ecosystem balance
• Social Impact:
  • Possible displacement of indigenous communities (Rabha, Garo, Khasi groups)
  • Threat to livelihoods and cultural identity
• Governance Issues:
  • Allegations of lack of consultation and transparency

Key Takeaways

• Hydropower is clean but not impact-free
• Need for balance between energy needs and ecological protection
• Inclusive governance is essential for project acceptance

Exam Hook (Prelims-Oriented MCQ)

Consider the following statements:

1. Kulsi River is known habitat of the Gangetic River Dolphin.
2. Hydroelectric power is a completely impact-free renewable energy source.
3. Environment Impact Assessment is required for large hydro projects in India.

Which of the statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 2 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer: (a) 1 and 3 only

One-line wrap: The Kulsi Hydel Project debate highlights the need to balance renewable energy goals with ecological conservation and community rights.

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