The Kalmoni River flows between Kahikuchi village and Azara village on the western fringe of Guwahati, near NH 37. 

• Traditionally, the river has served as a natural drainage channel, carrying excess rainwater during the monsoon and protecting nearby localities from flooding.
• However, the river is currently facing severe environmental degradation due to indiscriminate dumping of garbage and household waste.

Current Environmental Concerns

Local residents have reported that several stretches of the river have turned into informal dumping grounds.

Key issues include:

• Accumulation of household garbage along the riverbanks.
• Waste disposal by nearby markets, hotels and restaurants.
• Obstruction of natural water flow, increasing flood risk during monsoon.
• Foul odour and unhygienic surroundings, affecting commuters and residents.
• Potential spread of pathogens and waterborne diseases.

The situation has been aggravated by the absence of a proper waste management system, especially for tenant households and small business establishments near the river.

Importance of Kalmoni River

Despite being relatively small, the Kalmoni River plays a significant role in Guwahati’s urban ecosystem.

• It functions as an important storm-water drainage channel.
• It helps prevent waterlogging in low-lying areas during heavy rainfall.
• It supports local biodiversity and ecological balance.

Urban rivers like Kalmoni are essential for sustainable urban planning and climate resilience.

Protecting Kalmoni River is essential for urban environmental health and flood management in Guwahati.

Exam Hook

Consider the following statements about urban rivers in India:

1. They often function as storm-water drainage channels during monsoon.
   
2. Improper waste disposal can obstruct water flow and increase flood risk.
   
3. Pollution of rivers is regulated under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974.
   

Which of the above statements are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer: (d)

One line wrap: The Kalmoni River highlights the growing challenge of urban river pollution and the urgent need for sustainable waste management in Guwahati

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