The Indian Air Force (IAF) officially retired its last two MiG-21 squadrons — No. 23 (Panthers) and No. 3 (Cobras). This marked the end of over six decades of service of the Soviet-era aircraft, once the backbone of India’s air defence.
About MiG-21
- Inducted in 1963 as IAF’s premier interceptor aircraft.
- Played a role in the 1965 India-Pakistan War, 1971 Liberation War, and the 1999 Kargil conflict.
- India procured over 700 MiG-21s, with the latest variant being the upgraded MiG-21 Bison.
- Known for agility but also infamous for accidents: over 500 crashes in 60 years, killing at least 170 pilots.
Current Challenges for the IAF
- With MiG-21’s retirement, the IAF’s fighter squadron strength has fallen to 29 squadrons, well below the sanctioned 42 squadrons.
- India faces a potential two-front challenge from Pakistan (20–25 squadrons) and China (60+ squadrons).
Future Plans
- Induction of LCA Tejas Mk1A (180 jets ordered) and development of Tejas Mk2 and AMCA (Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft).
- Procurement of 114 foreign fighters (Rafale likely frontrunner).
- Upgradation of 84 Su-30MKI fighters under the “Super-30” program.
Significance: The retirement highlights India’s urgent need to modernise its air fleet and achieve self-reliance in aerospace technology while balancing foreign procurement with indigenous development.
MCQ
Q. With reference to the MiG-21 fighter jets, consider the following statements:
- The MiG-21 was first inducted into the Indian Air Force in 1963 as an interceptor aircraft.
- The latest variant used by the IAF was the MiG-21 Bison.
- The retirement of MiG-21 squadrons has reduced the IAF’s squadron strength below its sanctioned level.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (d)
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