Relevance for UPSC: GS III (Science and Technology, Space); Source: The Indian Express, NASA

Context

Recent scientific analysis of samples brought from Asteroid Bennu by NASA’s OSIRIS-REx has provided new evidence on the cosmic origins of life’s building blocks.

Key Scientific Findings

• Bennu is a carbon-rich, primitive asteroid formed in the early Solar System.
• Samples returned in 2023 contain amino acids, nucleobases, and sugars such as ribose, which are essential for RNA formation.
• Presence of pre-solar grains (stardust) indicates preservation of material older than the Sun.
• Detection of complex nitrogen-rich organic compounds suggests advanced prebiotic chemistry.

Scientific Significance

• Supports the idea that organic molecules were delivered to early Earth by asteroids and comets.
• Strengthens the RNA world hypothesis, where RNA preceded DNA in early life.
• Expands understanding of astrobiology and Solar System evolution.

Conclusion

Findings from Bennu show that key ingredients of life exist beyond Earth, highlighting the role of space missions in understanding life’s origins.

Q. The significance of asteroid Bennu lies in its:
A. Metallic core
B. High water content only
C. Presence of organic molecules linked to early life
D. Potential collision threat to Earth

Correct Answer: C