Arimora Chapori, a riverine wetland ecosystem  near Tezpur in Sonitpur district of Assam, has once again witnessed the arrival of migratory birds, including the Eurasian crane, during the winter season, highlighting its growing ecological importance.

Ecological Significance of Arimora Chapori

• Arimora Chapori is a natural riverine island formed by the Brahmaputra River, creating a rich wetland habitat.
• It already serves as a safe home for diverse wildlife, including wild elephants, wild buffalo, tigers, deer, and wild pigs.
• In recent years, it has emerged as a new winter destination for migratory birds, attracting birdwatchers and conservationists.

Migratory Birds and Biodiversity

• The chapori’s open grasslands, shallow wetlands, and food availability make it ideal for migratory birds.
• It provided a breeding ground for years for significant bird species, including the Bengal Florican (Critically Endangered) and the Black-necked Stork ( Near Threatened/Least Concern globally).
• The region serves as a winter visitor destination for the Eurasian Crane (also known as the Common Crane), which breeds in Europe and across the Palearctic to Siberia.

Role in Human–Wildlife Coexistence

• Arimora Chapori plays a crucial role as a wildlife corridor.
• It provides a safe passage for elephants moving between the Sonai Rupai Wildlife Sanctuary and Nameri National Park.
• This natural corridor helps reduce human–elephant conflict, especially during harvest seasons in nearby villages.
  

Threats and Conservation Concerns

• Despite its ecological value, Arimora Chapori faces serious threats:
  • Illegal encroachment
  • Poaching activities
• Wildlife groups such as Hati Bandhu have urged the Forest Department to ensure stronger protection and monitoring.
• Unchecked human interference could disrupt both migratory bird populations and wildlife movement routes.

Exam Hook

Statement-Based Question

Q. With reference to Arimora Chapori, consider the following statements:

1. It serves as a winter habitat for migratory birds such as the Eurasian crane.
   
2. It acts as a wildlife corridor helping reduce human–elephant conflict.
   
3. It is a protected Ramsar wetland notified under international conventions.
   

Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) Only 1 and 2
(b) Only 2 and 3
(c) Only 1 and 3
(d) All three

Answer: (a) Only 1 and 2

Source